Synthesis of an integral signal for solving the problem of morphological analysis of electrocardiograms

Abstract

This work is devoted to solving the scientific and practical problem of morphological analysis of electrocardiograms based on
an integral biomedical signal with locally concentrated features. In modern conditions of introduction of telemedicine in the health
care system of Ukraine the creation of cardiological decision support systems based on automatic morphological analysis of
electrocardiogram is of particular importance. The authors proposed a method for synthesizing an integral electrocardiogram in the
frontal plane from all limb leads, taking into account the lead angle in the hexaxial reference system and the position of the heart’s
electrical axis, since integral electrocardiological signals allow to obtain more accurate results compared to conventional
electrocardiogram, because they take into account the individual characteristics of patients, a wide variety of electrocardiogram
waveforms and complexes, which is associated not only with the presence of pathological processes in the myocardium, but also
with the position of the electrical axis of the heart, in particular, the electrocardiogram will not register a low-amplitude P wave in the
II department in the case of a horizontal electrical axis, but it will be clearly visible on the integral signal. To implement the method
proposed in the article, a program was written in the MATLAB language, , the high speed of computation and good optimization of
which allow to obtain results much faster and more accurate than using traditional approaches, and using the MATLAB Runtime
library, which does not require licensing and is distributed free of charge, it was possible to provide more economical development,
as well as to implement interaction with popular operating systems, which makes it more accessible and versatile. Verification of the
results was carried out using a database of electrocardiograms, which were recorded using a transtelephone digital 12-channel
electrocardiological complex “Telecard”, which is part of the medical diagnostic complex “TREDEX”. The paper shows that the
proposed method for the synthesis of an integral signal with locally concentrated features will improve the quality of morphological
analysis of electrocardiograms in cardiological decision support systems.